The current Cardhu / Cardow distillery isn't the 'original' one. In 1872 John
Cumming's daughter-in-law Elizabeth Cumming decided to build a brand
new distillery from scratch on an adjacent piece of property. Cardow was
extended in 1887 and purchased in 1893 by John Walker and Sons Ltd.
Yep, that's right - the same Johnnie Walker that's depicted on the blends.
John Walker and Sons merged with DCL just a few decades later, in 1925.
Even today, Cardhu malt is a key component of the Johnnie Walker blends.

The Cardhu distillery (known as Cardow at the time) was officially founded
in 1824 by John Cumming - a farmer who allegedly had been involved with
illegal distillation at the site for at least a decade before 'legitimising' his
business. In 1839, John's son Lewis took over the reigns at the distillery.

Cardhu has never been a very 'high profile' single malt, but I have to admit I have a bit of a soft spot for it. One reason is quite superficial; I love the look & feel of the bottle. Around the year 2000 more and more nicely designed bottles appeared on the market, but when I started my voyage of discovery through maltland in the early 1990's there really weren't that many other attractive bottles available. With the notable exception of Balvenie and Bowmore, most other (official) single malts came in straight, dull bottles. Sure, some labels looked nice, but as far as the 'overall package' was concerned the shelves of the average liquorist were hardly 'a feast for the eyes' during the 1990's.

Although Cardhu wasn't one of the big brands in the
malt whisky world, Diageo evoked the wrath of anoraks
worldwide when they launched a 'new' Cardhu in 2003:
'Cardhu Pure Malt'. That's correct; this was actually a
vatted malt - a 'blend' of malts from different distilleries.

Diageo eventually resolved the situation by bringing back the 'old' Cardhu in 2005.
It suddenly became part of their greatly extended range of 'Classic Malts', along with a string of other distilleries like
Glen Elgin, Knockando and Royal Lochnagar that had been operating in the shadow of the six 'classic' Classic Malts since that range was launched in the late 1980's.

In 1960/1961 Cardow was completely rebuilt and the number of stills expanded from four to six. That was also the time it became available (again) as a bottled single malt whisky. This was quite a novelty at the time. After the invention of blended whisky in the second half of the 19th century, more and more of the malt whiskies had been used in blends (a mixture of malt whisky and grain whisky - see the Beginner's Guide for more information on that). The official name of the distillery was changed from Cardow to Cardhu around 1980. Since 1986 Cardhu is owned by United Distillers, formerly part of the Guiness Group, now Diageo.

This vatted malt whisky was iinitially released in France, Spain, Greece & Portugal.
Diageo explained they had no choice because those 'latino's' simply drank too
much of the stuff, but after loads of bad publicity the 'old' Cardhu was brought
back. Of course, the reason for the public outrage wasn't so much the fact that
Cardhu disappeared as a single malt (by 2003 malt lovers worldwide were spoilt
for choice after the lean years that were the 1990's), but that the new 'vatted'
bottling was virtually indistinguishable from the single malt. The fact that this
could 'blur the lines' between both categories initially seemed to upset 'anoraks'
more than the 'watchdogs' (or rather lapdogs) at the SWA (Scotch Whisky
Accociation), but they eventually woke up and took the matter up with Diageo.

1) The name Cardhu means 'Black Rock' in Gaelic...

2) More trivia will be added later...
 

Bottlings of Cardhu are not hard to come by - at least if you want the 12yo OB. There has been a bottling in UD's 'Rare Malts' series, but independent bottlings are very scarce. That's why I haven't actually sampled that many different expressions of Cardhu so far. Here are my notes on several different batches of the 12yo, as well as a few IB's.

Cardhu 12yo (86 Proof, OB, Ivory Label, 100% Unblended Pot Still, NY Import, Bottled +/- 1985)
Nose: Light and a little grainy. Maybe some faint honey notes? Malty but not too expressive.
Taste: Starts quite sharp, mellowing out in the centre and becoming quite bitter in the finish.
Score: 72 points - but I should point out that Serge (80) and Olivier (78) liked it better.

Cardhu 12yo (40%, OB, 70cl, Bottled +/- 1994)
Nose: A little sharp and grainy, but it has something I've always found easy to recognize.
It's those little yellow chemical banana-candy things. The nose developed quite nicely and slowly.
Taste: In this case I unfortunately neglected to make proper notes on the taste during this session
Score: 73 points - just a tad below average, but very easily drinkable. And I love the bottle...

Cardhu 12yo (40%, OB, 50cl, Bottled +/- 1997)
Nose: A bit sharp in the nose. Malty. Distinct aroma of yellow banana-candy 'hard foam'.
Taste: Overpowering bitterness is about all there is to tell. Otherwise: tastes like whisky...
Score: 72 points - if it had tasted as good as it smelled it would have received some more points.

Cardhu 12yo (40%, OB, 100cl, Bottled +/- 2000)
Nose: Light, as always, but perhaps just a little bit maltier? Hey, could it be caramelised?
Not a lot of development, and this time I couldn't find the banana I found in earlier batches.
Taste: On the palate it started soft, became grainier and maltier in the centre and bitter in the finish.
Score: 71 points - roughly in the same league as earlier batches, as far as I could tell.

Cardhu/Cardow 13yo 1987/2000 (56.9%, Cadenhead's, Bourbon, 318 Bottles)
Nose: A soft maltiness. Smooth but not very distinctive. Tea. Faint organics. Enjoyable.
It picks up a slight nose prickle with time. A good malt that lacks a little personality.
Taste: Sweet start, growing maltier first and then bitter towards the finish. Solid.
Heavy course brown bread - very distinctive. Not quite sweet enough in the finish for me.
Score: 80 points - one of the best Cardhu's I ever tried, but I'm sure the high proof helps.

Cardhu 22yo 1982/2005 (57.8%, OB, 3000 Bottles)
Nose: Sweet & grainy; a bit like Irish whiskey. Veggy, prickly in the back of the nose. Hint of dust.
Taste: Sweet, dusty & fruity start, big dry centre. Old fashioned cinnamon sweets. Dry. Liquorice.
Score: 80 points - not terribly complex (and not too much development) but very drinkable.
Two classes above the standard 12yo OB, that's for sure - but that's to be expected at this age.
Although this is a good dram, it suggests that they never paid much attention to wood at Cardhu.

Cardhu 27yo 1973/2000 (60.02%, UDRM, Bottled October 2000)
Nose: Much 'richer' than the old 12yo OB, but I guess that's not surprising at this strength.
There's even a hint of peat or something coastal, but the nose flattens out surprisingly fast.
Taste: it showed an unexpected hint of smoke and was quite dry. You can't taste the age.
Score: 79 points - to me, this falls just short of 'recommendable' territory - too bad.
Further proof for my theory that Cardhu might have neglected to pay enough attention to wood.
Since the majority of the malt was produced for the JW blends, maybe they wanted consistency?
 

These were not all the (official and independent) expressions of Cardhu whisky I've tried over the years.
My Track Record used to contain a complete overview of all the single malts I've tried, but when I passed the 2000 malts mark (and the complete whisky list wouldn't fit on two separate HTML pages anymore) I gave up. My Liquid Log still contains my tasting notes on most single malts I've sampled and scored, though. You can find a specific expression through the search box at the top of each distillery profile. The mAlmanac now contains (purely personal) selections of some of the best single malts and the worst whiskies I've tried so far - as well as the ones with the highest 'Bang-For-Your-Buck' value. But those tasting notes and scores only reflect my own, purely personal opinions. On Serge's distillery profile on Whiskyfun you can find another perspective on the whisky made at this distillery. Check out the Malt Maniacs Monitor on Malt Maniacs for my scores on all expressions I've tried so far - and those of almost all the other certified malt maniacs as well. The Malt Maniacs Matrix contains a few thousand single malts that were sampled and scored by at least four different malt maniacs, so you can compare our individual opinions.